Data Analysis and Applications 2 ebook

List of Tables

Introduction

Table I.1. Various cases of the maximum association principle

Table I.2. An example of interval data

Chapter 1

Table 1.1. Values of likelihood ratio test G

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of HMMM associated with CG models

Table 1.2. Values of likelihood ratio G

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test of HMMM

Table 1.3. Second-order marginal log-linear parameters

Chapter 2

Table 2.1. Description of innovation models

Chapter 3

Table 3.1. Data for IF and of explanatory variables included in the study

Table 3.2. Normality test for variables H-J, H-Ed and AnsP

Table 3.3. ANOVA and Levene’s tests among terciles for H-J, H-Ed and AnsP

Table 3.4. LSD test associated with ANOVA of terciles for H-J, H-Ed and AnsP

Table 3.5. Estimated coefficients of the preliminary logit regession

Table 3.6. Estimated coefficients of the final logit regession

Table 3.7. CCR provided by the logit model (cut-point: 0.5)

Chapter 4

Table 4.1. ARIMA–GARCH filters

Table 4.2. Pearson’s (left) and Kendall’s (right) correlation coefficients for t...

Table 4.3. The summary of the best 4-dimensional Vine copula

Chapter 5

Table 5.1. Dissimilarity measurement for individual countries

Table 5.2. Dissimilarity measurement for grouped countries

Table 5.3. Kyoto Annex I countries’ quantified emissions targets. Countries with...

Chapter 6

Table 6.1. Sample five-star rating data

Table 6.2. Sample five-star rating data statistics and probabilities

Chapter 7

Table 7.1. Descriptions of the seven items

Table 7.2. The measure of the seven items (period 2008–2013)

Table 7.3. Average mean of Rasch standardized scores for sociodemographic charac...

Table 7.4. The measure of the seven items (period 2013–2015)

Table 7.5. Average mean for Rasch standardized scores for sociodemographic chara...

Table 7.6. Contingency table of the levels of difficulty for the 2008–2012 perio...

Table 7.7. Description of the groups

Chapter 8

Table 8.1. Input probabilities and transition probability matrices, Greece, 2006...

Table 8.2. Prais–Shorrock, immobility, Bartholomew and Prais–Bibby indices, Gree...

Table 8.3. Input probabilities and transition probability matrices, Italy, 2006–...

Table 8.4. Prais–Shorrock, immobility, Bartholomew and Prais–Bibby indices, Ital...

Table 8.5. Input probabilities and transition probability matrices, Portugal, 20...

Table 8.6. Prais–Shorrock, immobility, Bartholomew and Prais–Bibby indices, Port...

Table 8.7. Input probabilities and transition probability matrices, Spain, 2006–...

Table 8.8. Prais–Shorrock, immobility, Bartholomew and Prais–Bibby indices, Spai...

Chapter 9

Table 9.1. Probability of remaining full-time employed, part-time employed, unem...

Table 9.2. Transition probability matrices, EU-SILC, 2006–2013, first group

Table 9.3. Transition probability matrices, EU-SILC, 2006–2013, second group

Table 9.4. Transition probability matrices, EU-SILC, 2006–2013, third group

Table 9.5. Input probabilities to full-time/part-time employment, unemployment a...

Table 9.6. Mobility indices using the EU-SILC data sets, 2006–2013

Chapter 10

Table 10.1. Return rate and specification of web survey results by response type

Table 10.2. Return rate from CAWI

Table 10.3. Sector of the company registering at Almalaurea for recruitment at t...

Table 10.4. Overall ranking of candidates’ characteristics for the five job posi...

Chapter 11

Table 11.1. Average scores in mathematics of French and German pupils by gender ...

Table 11.2. Order 1 (up) and 2 (down) parameters of model [11.4] for France

Table 11.3. Order 1 (up) and 2 (down) parameters of model [11.5] for Germany

Chapter 12

Table 12.1. Data set

Table 12.2. Centers of gravity matrix in ℝ

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Table 12.3. Matrix of cosine measure between the centers of gravity

Table 12.4. Confusion matrix – topological discriminant analysis

Table 12.5. Confusion matrix – linear discriminant analysis

Table 12.6. Confusion matrix – multinomial logistic regression

Table 12.7. Some proximity measures for continuous data

Table 12.8. Main results of the TDA according to different proximity measures

Chapter 14

Table 14.1. Party positions on policy questions

Guide

Cover

Table of Contents

Begin Reading

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Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Data Analysis Set

coordinated by Jacques Janssen

Volume 3

Data Analysis and Applications 2

Utilization of Results in Europe and Other Topics

Edited by

First published 2019 in Great Britain and the United States by ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms and licenses issued by the CLA. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside these terms should be sent to the publishers at the undermentioned address:

ISTE Ltd 27-37 St George’s London SW19 4EU UK www.iste.co.uk

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Road 111 River Street Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA www.wiley.com

© ISTE Ltd 2019

The rights of Christos H. Skiadas and James R. Bozeman to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

Library of Congress Control Number: 2018965157

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN 978-1-78630-447-6

Preface

Thanks to the significant work by the authors and contributors, we have developed this book, the second of two volumes. The data analysis field has been continuously growing over recent decades following the wide applications of computing and data collection along with new developments in analytic tools. Hence, the need for publications is evident. New works appear as printed or e-books covering the need for information from all fields of science and engineering thanks to the wide applicability of data analysis and statistics packages.

In this volume, we present the collected material in four parts, including 14 chapters, in a form that will provide the reader with theoretical and applied information on data analysis methods, models and techniques along with appropriate applications. The results of the work in these chapters are used for further study throughout Europe, including the Nordic countries, the V4 states, southern Europe, Germany and the United Kingdom. Other topics include computing, entropy, innovation and quality assurance.

Before the chapters, we include an excellent introductory and review paper titled “50 Years of Data Analysis: From Exploratory Data Analysis to Predictive Modeling and Machine Learning” by Gilbert Saporta, a leading expert in the field. The paper was based on the speech given for the celebration of his 70th birthday at the ASMDA2017 International Conference in London (held in De Morgan House of the London Mathematical Society).

The current volume contains the following four parts:

Part 1, Applications, includes six chapters: “Context-specific Independence in Innovation Studies” by Federica Nicolussi and Manuela Cazzaro; “Analysis of the Determinants and Outputs of Innovation in the Nordic Countries” by Catia Rosario, Antonio Augusto Costa and Ana Lorga da Silva; “Bibliometric Variables Determining the Quality of a Dentistry Journal” by Pilar Valderrama, Manuel Escabias, Evaristo Jiménez-Contreras, Mariano J. Valderrama and Pilar Baca; “Analysis of Dependence among Growth Rates of GDP of V4 Countries Using Four-dimensional Vine Copulas” by Jozef Komornik, Magda Komornikova and Tomas Bacigal; “Monitoring the Compliance of Countries on Emissions Mitigation Using Dissimilarity Indices” by Eleni Ketzaki, Stavros Rallakis, Nikolaos Farmakis and Eftichios Sartzetakis; and “Maximum Entropy and Distributions of Five-Star Ratings” by Yiannis Dimotikalis.

Part 2, The Impact of the Economic and Financial Crisis in Europe, contains one chapter about credit: “Access to Credit for SMEs after the 2008 Financial Crisis: The Northern Italian Perspective” by Cinzia Colapinto and Mariangela Zenga. This is followed by two chapters on the labor market: “Gender-Based Differences in the Impact of the Economic Crisis on Labor Market Flows in Southern Europe”, and “Measuring Labor Market Transition Probabilities in Europe with Evidence from the EU-SILC, both by Maria Symeonaki, Maria Karamessini and Glykeria Stamatopoulou.

Part 3, Student Assessment and Employment in Europe, has an article concerning university students who are about to graduate and hence are close to employment that is related to Part 2: “Almost Graduated, Close to Employment? Taking into Account the Characteristics of Companies Recruiting at a University Job Placement Office” by Franca Crippa, Mariangela Zenga and Paolo Mariani, followed by a paper on how students are assessed: “How Variation of Scores of the Programme for International Student Assessment Can be Explained through Analysis of Information” by Valérie Girardin, Justine Lequesne and Olivier Thévenon.

Part 4, Visualization, examines this topic in computing: “A Topological Discriminant Analysis” by Rafik Abdesselam, followed by “Using Graph Partitioning to Calculate PageRank in a Changing Network” by Christopher Engström and Sergei Silvestrov, and in politics: “Visualizing the Political Spectrum of Germany by Contiguously Ordering the Party Policy Profiles by Andranik Tangian.

We would like to thank the authors of and contributors to this book. We pass on our sincere appreciation to the referees for their hard work and dedication in providing an improved book form. Finally, we express our thanks to the secretariat and, of course, the publishers.

December 2018 Christos H. SKIADAS, Athens, Greece James R. BOZEMAN, Bormla, Malta